The same granite of which the pillar is made has never been found on earth and for almost 2,000 years the statue has not once needed dusting.
The First Marian Shrine: Our Lady of the Pillar

The
sentiment of Zaragozans toward their beloved Virgen del Pilar — the
Virgin of the Pillar — is quite different from the ordinary homage paid
to a favorite saint or even to other Marian devotions elsewhere in the
Catholic world. It is an inheritance from their forefathers, a love that
is born with them and ends only with their deaths. It is interwoven
with their patriotism, with their nationality, with their home life, and
with their daily tasks and amusements, and it is an ever-recurring
theme in their popular songs.
The faithful of Zaragoza repair to her shrine in their joys and in
their sorrows. They speak to her not in the ordinary forms of prayer,
for she is not far away in Heaven, but here on earth among them, in her
own shrine where she has dwelt for over nineteen hundred years. They
converse with her as with a friend, and with the confident faith of
children.
“Viva la Virgen del Pilar” was the rallying cry that filled Zaragozan
hearts with courage and strengthened their arms when, in 1809, they had
to fend off the Napoleonic invasions of Spain. Then, frail women, faint
with fatigue, disease and hunger, fired the guns and defended their
homes, barricading doors and windows with the fallen bodies of their
husbands, parents, and children.
Then, the greatest kindness one could show the wounded, when all hope
had fled, was to take them to the Capilla Santa — the Holy Chapel —
where they could look upon the little brown face of “La Pilarica” — the
Virgin of the little pillar — and speak with her, kiss the pavement of
her house, and die breathing her name.
Saint James the Apostle
That Our Lady appeared to the Apostle Saint James, patron of Spain,
is a well-founded tradition and forms part of Zaragoza’s history and
patriotism. The church of the Pillar was the first shrine ever raised in
Our Lady’s honor, and every Zaragozan, rich or poor, ignorant or
learned, knows that the shrine “will last with the Holy Faith until the
end of the world.”
In support of this conviction is the fact that since the city’s
conversion to Christianity in Apostolic times, the sacred image has
escaped injury, the rituals of the Catholic Faith have been celebrated
unceasingly in the chapel where Saint James first officiated, and its
altars have never been defiled by pagan rites despite all the centuries
of war, rampage, and desecration by the Romans, Goths, Moors, or
Vandals. Even time, the great destroyer, has failed to leave its marks
on the statue: Although nearly twenty centuries old, it shows not the
slightest sign of deterioration.

Traditions
of extreme antiquity attest to the Christianization of Spain by Saint
James the Apostle. It is supported by such writers as Saint Hypolite, in
his treatise “De duodecim apostolis,” by Saint Isidore, and by the
Venerable Bede, and it is verified by the ancient Spanish liturgy, the
Rite of Toledo, the so-called Visigothic or Mozarabic liturgy. More
recent and better known to American Catholics are the writings of
Venerable Mary of Agreda, which contain a worthy account of his
apostolate in the Iberian peninsula and, more specifically, about Our
Lady’s miraculous visit to Saint James in Zaragoza during her lifetime.
Most impressive are the countless pilgrimages to the tomb of the
Saint by the entire Christian world since long centuries ago, whereby we
know that it was generally held not only that Saint James spread the
Gospel in Spain but that after his martyrdom in Jerusalem, his body was
returned to Spain and buried next to his disciples in the little
Galician town of Iria Flavia where he had dwelled and whence he used to
set forth on his journeys to preach of Christ throughout the Peninsula.
His body was afterwards removed from Iria Flavia, now called Padron,
to the nearby village of Liberum Domum, which later became the famous
Compostella, that is, Field of the Star, where, tradition states, a
miraculous star appeared about the beginning of the ninth century over
the Saint’s burial site, leading to the discovery of his tomb, hidden
during the first centuries of Mohamedanism. The Zaragozans further tell
us that Saint James came to [the village of] Caesar Augusta, later
Zaragoza, and founded the first church of the Pilar, and this is the
story, handed down from generation to generation, sung by poets and
immortalized by artists, of the Virgin’s gift to the city of Zaragoza.
.”
After having preached the Gospel of our Divine Lord and Master in
Judea and Samaria, Saint James traveled to Spain to spread the Faith
there. He disembarked at Carthagena and started to preach the Gospel of
Jesus Christ.
His simple eloquence won the hearts of the rude Iberians, who came
flocking in large numbers to receive the Sacrament of Baptism from his
hands. In Andalusia, Castile, Galicia, and Portugal he met with the same
success, and so when he finally entered Zaragoza his fame had traveled
before him, and the light of Faith spread quickly throughout the city.
Our Lord Sends Our Lady To Zaragoza
On the night of the second of January, forty years after the birth of
our Savior, Saint James was walking along the banks of the river Ebro
with seven disciples whom he had won to the Faith in Zaragoza. The sky
was aglow with myriads of stars, the toils of the day were over, both
man and beast had gone to rest. Inspired by the calm beauty of the night
and the contemplation of the glories of the Heavenly dome, in whose
wonders they saw the Master’s hand, they spoke reverently of the sublime
mysteries of the Divinity.
At the same hour the Blessed Virgin was in Jerusalem, praying to her
Son for Saint James, who, she knew, would soon be called upon to give
his life for the Faith. While she prayed, her Divine Son appeared to her
and, as the Venerable Mary of Agreda relates in her Mystical City of
God, He commissioned her to go to Zaragoza:
“As thou already knowest, it is necessary for My glory, that the
Apostles labor with My grace, and that at the end they must follow Me to
the cross and to the death I have suffered for the whole human race.
The first one who is to imitate Me therein is My faithful servant James,
and I will that he suffer martyrdom in this city of Jerusalem. In order
that he come hither, and for other purposes of My glory and thine, I
desire thee to visit him in Spain, where he is preaching My name. I
desire, My Mother, that thou go to Zaragoza where he now is, and command
him to return to Jerusalem. But before he leaves that city, he is to
build a temple in thy name and title, where thou shalt be venerated and
invoked for the welfare of that country, for My glory and pleasure, and
that of the most Blessed Trinity.”
Later, according to the same Venerable Mary of Agreda, Our Lord added:
“I give you My royal word that I shall look with special clemency and
fill with blessings all those who, with devotion and humility, call
upon Me through thy intercession in that temple. In thy hands have I
deposited and consigned all My treasures; as My Mother, who holds My
place and power, thou canst signalize that place by depositing therein
the riches and promising in it thy favors; for all will be fulfilled
according to thy will and pleasure.”
Having spoken these words, He disappeared, and a band of angels,
singing canticles of joy, filled the room. Raising Mary on their wings,
they bore her through the air.
Saint James, near the banks of the Ebro, knelt in prayer with
upturned face while his companions, fatigued with the labors of the day,
had closed their heavy eyelids and, like the Apostles before them,
slept while their master prayed.
A flash of light suddenly lit up the fields, sounds of Heavenly music
filled the air, and the seven disciples, roused from their slumbers,
gazed with wonder and fear at the apparition before them. Seated on a
throne of light, borne aloft by angels, was Mary, whom they supposed was
in Jerusalem.
Angels knelt around her on transparent clouds while others, playing
mystical harps, sang the sublime words with which, forty years before,
the Archangel Gabriel had saluted her in her home in Nazareth, “Ave
Maria Gratia plena, Dominus tecum.”
Saint James, seeing this vision in ecstasy, saw the angels suspend
the throne in front of him and place themselves before it. Mary, taking
from the hands of the Seraphim a small column upon which stood a
beautiful statue of herself with the Infant Jesus in her arms, showed it
to Saint James, gave him her blessing, and said, “James, servant of the
Most High, blessed be thou by Him, and may He fill thee with His Divine
Grace.”
To this the angels answered, “Amen,” and she continued:
“My son James, the Most High and
Mighty God of Heaven has chosen this place that you may consecrate and
dedicate here a temple and house of prayer where, under the invocation
of my name, He wishes to be adored and served, and all the faithful who
seek my intercession will receive the graces they ask if they have true
faith and devotion, and in the Name of my Son I promise them great
favors and blessings, for this will be my temple and my house, my own
inheritance and possession, and in testimony of my promise, this pillar
will remain here, and on it my own image that, in this place where you
will build my temple, will last and endure with the Holy Faith until the
end of the world. This must be done at once, and when your work is
accomplished, you will return to Jerusalem where it is the will of my
Divine Son that you make the sacrifice of your life where He gave up His
for the redemption of mankind.”
She then commanded the angels to place the column with its sacred
image where it stands to this day, and as the angelic cortège
disappeared, Saint James and his disciples praised God and offered to
Him the first shrine ever dedicated to His Blessed Mother.
Saint James builds the first chapel and others follow
Soon after,
Saint James and his disciples built a modest chapel, sixteen feet long
by eight feet wide, to enclose the Virgin’s gift. This chapel succumbed
to time and the elements and was replaced by several others, but the
sacred column has always remained in the spot where the angels placed
it.
The piety of the faithful and the offerings of pilgrims, whose
numbers increased steadily to multitudes, attracted to the shrine by the
fame of the miracles attributed to the Virgin of the Pillar, eventually
raised a church that remained until the end of the seventeenth century,
when Charles II, the last monarch of the Austrian dynasty to occupy the
Spanish throne, built the splendid edifice that now enshrines the
column and statue. The first stone was laid on the feast of Saint James
in 1686. In 1753, King Ferdinand VI engaged the celebrated architect
Ventura Rodriguez to build the sumptuous chapel in which the statue is
now preserved.
Above the high altar is a carving of the Virgin extending her hand to
the Apostle, and over an altar to the right of this is a picture of the
seven disciples of Saint James. On the left is the altar where, under a
rich canopy of silver, against a dark background thickly studded with
diamonds, stands the miraculous pillar with the statue of the Blessed
Virgin and the Infant Jesus.
Miraculous Attributes
Scientists, attempting to match the granite of which the pillar is
made, have been able to find similar, but not identical, granite and
only in other parts of the world. The statue of the Virgin is made of a
material not found on this earth. By a miraculous divine action, no dust
ever settles on it, so for almost 2,000 years the statue has never
needed dusting.
Universally Honored and Loved
A silver railing of exquisite workmanship runs the entire length of
the three altars, and the walls of jasper and marble glitter with
offerings of gold, silver, and precious stones which, flashing in the
light of the numerous silver lamps, fairly dazzle the eyes of the
spectator.
But the Zaragozan sees only “La Pilarica” and the costly gifts that
have been offered in faith, devotion, and love to adorn her holy chapel:
gifts from kings, queens, princes, and noble knights who have prayed at
this shrine throughout the centuries: gifts from pilgrims who have come
on foot from afar to lay their offerings at her feet: gifts from saints
who left their jewels here before retiring from this world for ever:
gifts from humble peasants, from toilers of the deep, and from the
poorest of God’s poor, who saved and fasted for years to be able to
offer a token of their love to La Patrona — the Patroness.
It was in this church that the old kings of Aragon knelt to take
their oaths of fidelity to God and to the people. Isabel the Catholic,
who helped Columbus with his journey to the Americas, went frequently to
Zaragoza and gave priceless jewels to the treasury of the Virgin: the
Emperor Charles V, heavy with the weight of crowns, visited Our Lady of
the Pillar and laid his sceptre at her feet before retiring to the
monastery at Juste; Philip II, Philip III, Philip IV, all left memorials
at the shrine, and Don Juan of Austria had such a devotion for the
Virgin of the Pillar that he wished his heart to be buried in the crypt
of the holy chapel.
The holy chapel is never unoccupied for a moment from daybreak until
the doors are closed at night. The crowds come and go continually. Very
few people pass the church without entering, if only to salute “La
Patrona!” and depart.
Every now and then one sees an acolyte in cassock and surplice
wending his way through the groups of worshippers, carrying in his arms a
tiny baby, perhaps only a few weeks old. This is the one occasion in
his life when a son of Zaragoza is privileged to touch the sacred
statue; the baby, its innocent face wet with the waters of Baptism, is
raised in the arms of the chaplain and pressed against the face of “La
Pilarica.”
There are chaplains whose time is entirely given to the services in
the holy chapel; four of these guard the vestments and jewels of the
Virgin, which they change according to the rituals of the Church and the
festivals of the year. No others are allowed to touch the statue or to
have access to the mantles and ornaments that belong to her.
Shrine Ceremonial

Every
morning, as the first streaks of dawn break through the sky and the
last stars have faded, one of the chaplains sings the “Mass of the
Infants,” so called because the choir is composed of eight small boys,
Infantes, who are dedicated to the service of the holy chapel and serve
the many Masses that are celebrated daily.
These boys wear a special uniform during the liturgy and processions.
This Mass is the first of the innumerable prayers that are murmured
unceasingly from this moment until the echo of the last notes of the
Salve Regina die away in the vast arches at nightfall. It is considered a
great privilege among the Zaragozan families to have a son as an
Infante of Our Lady of the Pillar.
The Feast of the Virgin of the Pillar is celebrated with great pomp
and ceremony on October 12 [Ed.: note the date’s connection to Our Lady
of Fatima’s miracle of the Sun], beginning with the Mass of the Infants
at four in the morning.
The city puts on holiday attire for a week, all work is suspended,
and visitors pour in from all parts of the Peninsula to make their
devotions and take part in the celebrations at the famous shrine.
On October 11, bands parade the streets and fireworks are set off at
intervals. This is the formal announcement to the public that the
festivals are about to commence.
Trains arrive every half hour loaded with passengers, and cars by the
thousands come from every corner of Aragon and the remotest parts of
Spain.
As early as two o’clock on the morning of the 12th, the crowds begin
to enter the church, and when the beautiful voices of the Infantes sing
the first notes of the Mass, the edifice is so packed that it is
difficult to move.
At the conclusion of the Masses the worshippers stream out at one end
while others stream in at the other, and this continues throughout the
entire day. It is virtually impossible to estimate how many come to pray
on this occasion.
The Doors Are Thrown Open
When the sun has set and night begins to fall, the bells peal a
joyous call to the Salve Regina, all the doors are thrown wide open, and
the church soon fills to capacity, without apparently diminishing the
immense throngs that have gathered in the Plaza del Pilar.
All classes are there, peasants in picturesque costumes who proclaim
their native places; children, some in fine clothes, others in tatters;
women, some wearing the latest French hats and others with their heads
enveloped in traditional mantillas or in old shawls; working people from
the vicinity, and tourists with Baedeckers in hand.
All sorts of faces mingle with throngs of soldiers, priests, and
Infantes, all pressing as one moving mass to hear the solemn notes of
the Salve, the last act of devotion of the Feast of Our Lady of the
Pillar.
Outsiders may look upon this tradition as absurd and impossible, but
the Zaragozan sees nothing unusual in it; he dwells in an atmosphere of
saintly love, and the inhabitants of Heaven do not seem so very far away
from him, for he has evidences of their presence on all sides; he lives
with them with a familiarity that might appear irreverent were it not
for its genuine simplicity.
There is no place in the world where devotion to the Holy Mother of
God is so deeply rooted as in the heroic city of Zaragoza, where her
statue has been defended, with the lives of thousands of her children,
and where it is firmly believed that her revered statue will surely
endure “with the Holy Faith until the end of the world.”
This “Stories of Mary – Stories of the Rosary” is taken from Crusade Magazine, September – October, 1998.